Abstract
Tofu is a highly popular food in Indonesia. Its production process also has a high risk of environmental pollution. There were many and high capacities of tofu makers in the tofu clusters of Pesalakan, Adiwerna Village, Adiwerna District, Tegal Regency. Due to its high pollution risk, this industry needed an eco-efficiency analysis. Using cleaner production practices the good eco-efficiency potential might be achieved so that the environmental quality can be improved. This study collected data from informal interviews, field observation, and production process calculation. The cleaner production practices by boiling water in a cover pan by energy source resulted in the following efficiency rates: sawdust 31-37 % energy efficiency and 27-30 % time efficiency; and husk energy 35-57 % energy efficiency and 20.7-20.9 % time efficiency. The highest annual eco-efficiency rate for profit was Rp 1,194,251.01/ton of CO2 equivalent/year, while the lowest rate was Rp 472,804.89/ton CO2/year. The small industry could never manage to practice the eco-efficiency without support from the government and the community.
Highlights
Industrial activities result in either positive or negative impacts
This study consisted of three research variables, they are cleaner production practices and eco-efficiency, which was examined from sub-variables of product value with such parameters as tofu volume, sales rate, and environmental impact of tofu processing, energy consumption, soybean raw material consumption, water consumption, and non-product output
Cleaner production practices the Pesalakan tofu clusters performed during the mentoring for the eco-efficiency replication in 2008 were as follows: boiling to prevent crater, accelerate the boiling point by covering the pan during the process, and use the kettle for cooking
Summary
Industrial activities result in either positive or negative impacts. The positive ones include improving economic activities, which contributed to community welfare. The more negative impacts of the tofu industry have motivated large manufactures to decide to apply cleaner-production in their environmental technology [1]. The cleanerproduction practices have become among important preventive and sustainable strategies for processes, goods, and services towards improving efficiency and reducing risks on human and environment [1]. The most common preventive practices include product modification, which, in line with cleaner production development, gives rise to eco-efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a key concept that can help industries, individuals, government, and organizations to be more sustainable [2]. This concept is how efficient we make use of environmental resources to fulfill human needs [3]
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