Potential of alveolar bone damage in periodontitis patients with dyslipidemia

Abstract

Background: Severe periodontitis is the sixth most prevalent disease across the globe. Periodontitis is highly associated with decreased HDL, increased LDL concentrations, and triglycerides. The increase of serum lipid levels beyond the physiological range will change immune cell function by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines which will interfere with tissue response and affect wound healing thereby increasing susceptibility to periodontitis. Purpose: To explain the mechanism of increased alveolar bone destruction in patients with periodontitis accompanied by dyslipidemia. Methods: This study uses a narrative review Results: Several mechanisms of alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis accompanied by dyslipidemia are through the severity of the metabolic syndrome, serum Lp-PLA2, CRP, chemerin, plasma secretion of TNF-α, IL1β, IL-6, PGE2, IL-2, interferon gamma, matrix metalloproteinases, systemic inflammatory burden, serum triglyceride levels, increased HDL and LDL levels, and decreased serum cholesterol. Conclusions: Alveolar bone damage in periodontitis accompanied by dyslipidemia can occur through several mechanisms. This study complies with and supports the Sustainable Development Goal No. 3, to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.