Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting the globe and its incidence is increasing pandemically. The use of plant-derived natural products for diabetes management is of great interest. Polar fraction of Artemisia annua L. leaves has shown antidiabetic activity in vivo. In the present study, three major compounds were isolated from this polar fraction; namely, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1); 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), and 3,4- dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (3), using VLC-RP-18 and HPLC techniques. The potential protective effects of these compounds against diabetes and its complications were investigated by employing various in vitro enzyme inhibition assays. Furthermore, their antioxidant and wound healing effectiveness were evaluated. Results declared that these dicaffeoylquinic acids greatly inhibited DPPIV enzyme while moderately inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme, where compounds 1 and 3 displayed the most prominent effects. In addition, compound 3 showed pronounced inhibition of α-amylase enzyme. Moreover, these compounds markedly inhibited aldose reductase enzyme and exerted powerful antioxidant effects, among which compound 3 exhibited the highest activity implying a notable potentiality in impeding diabetes complications. Interestingly, compounds 2 and 3 moderately accelerated scratch wound healing. Our findings suggest that these dicaffeoylquinic acids can be promising therapeutic agents for managing diabetes and its complications.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder defined by elevated blood glucose level due to defective insulin secretion [1]
Previous work done by members of our group showed that administration of the polar fraction from the leaves of A. annua (ART-CQ) cultivated in Egypt effectively lowered blood glucose level and normalized blood glutathione level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats [9]
We examined the effect of ART-CQ and its major isolated compounds on wound healing in layers of human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell lines using the in vitro scratch wound healing model
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder defined by elevated blood glucose level due to defective insulin secretion [1]. This disease is a cardinal global health condition, and its incidence is increasing progressively in a pandemic way. Artemisia annua L., family Asteraceae is an annual herb native to China and is known traditionally for treating malaria, and as a source of artemisinin. This plant started to attract much attention due to its wide spectrum of biological activities including antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities [6,7]. The different mechanisms of action behind the antidiabetic activity of ART-CQ were never explored; the major biologically active compounds responsible for this activity were not detected
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