Abstract
The Malarial parasite resides in the host RBC during its erythrocytic cycle. Plasmodium meets its entire nutritional requirement from RBC. It scavenges the hemoglobin of RBCs to meet its amino acid requirement. The host hemoglobin is made of different chains and it is dependent on age. Hemoglobin F (HbF), which has two-alpha and two gamma chain persists in children upto six years, and hemoglobin A (HbA) made of two alpha and two beta chains dominates. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the compositional features of HbA with HbF. Isoleucine is present in hemoglobin of children (gamma chain of HbF) while it is absent in adult hemoglobin (HbA). The presence of Isoleucine (I) makes HbF ideally suitable for the growth of parasite, as it does not have to depend upon the exogenous supply of the isoleucine, which might be responsible for making children more vulnerable to malaria as compared to adults.
Highlights
Malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases in developing countries [1]
We show the abundance of different amino acids in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and distribution of different amino acids according to its essential nature in host
The amino acid compositions of total 5369 proteins are represented by pie chart (Figure 1A)
Summary
Malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases in developing countries [1]. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and over more than 200 species of Plasmodium has been identified. Four species of Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans are Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale and recently, Plasmodium Knowleski have been reported to infect humans [2]. The sporozoite reaches liver and enters the hepatocytes, where it multiplies and forms merozoite, and these merozoites are released into the blood stream [3]. These merozoites infect the red blood cells (RBC). Malaria parasite meets most of its nutritional requirements from blood. During replication hemoglobin is degraded to get amino acid required for growth [5]. Importance of amino acids on growth of Plasmodium has been as here discussed with reference to I (Isoleucine) [6], N (Asparagine)
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