Potential for Prebiotic Stabilized Cornus mas L. Lyophilized Extract in the Prophylaxis of Diabetes Mellitus in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats.

Szymon Sip,Judyta Cielecka-Piontek,Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak,Justyna Chanaj-Kaczmarek,Tymoteusz Słowik,Daria Szymanowska,Piotr Szulc,Olga Wronikowska-Denysiuk,Barbara Budzyńska

doi:10.3390/antiox11020380

Abstract

As a systemic disease, diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by the disruption of many glucose metabolic pathways. Therefore, it seems critical to study new therapies to support treatment to develop therapeutic systems that can operate across a broad metabolic spectrum. The current state of knowledge indicates an essential role of the gut microbiota in the development and course of the disease. Cornus mas fruits have demonstrated a rich biological activity profile and potential for application in the treatment of DM. As part of a preliminary analysis, the activity of four cultivars of Cornus mas fruits was analyzed. The cultivar Wydubieckij was selected as having the highest activity in in vitro conditions for further prebiotic system preparation. The study aimed to develop a unique therapeutic system based, first of all, on the mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibition and the antioxidant effect resulting from the activity of the plant extract used, combined with the prebiotic effect of inulin. The obtained system was characterized in vitro in terms of antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition capacity, and was then tested on diabetic rats. The study was coupled with an analysis of changes in the intestinal microflora. The system of prebiotic stabilized Cornus mas L. lyophilized extract with inulin offers valuable support for the prophylaxis and treatment of DM.

Highlights

The first stage of the research was the standardization of water extracts from lyophilized Cornus mas fruits from three Polish cultivars Słowianin, Florianka, Bolestraszycki, and one Ukrainian cultivar Wydubieckij
Considering reports in the literature indicating the potential for using Cornus mas fruit, studies were carried out to determine the activity profile of different cultivars
The obtained water extracts were standardized for anthocyanins, such as pelargonidin 3-Oglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, loganic acid, and phenolic compounds

Summary

Introduction

Raw materials of plant origin are increasingly used to treat and support diseases of civilization, diabetes mellitus (DM) [1,2]. Due to the complexity of the causes and effects of DM, most patients, in addition to polytherapy, use dietary supplements to support glycemic control [3,4]. Plant raw materials are a rich source of active substances with high therapeutic potential. In the case of such a complex disease as DM, they will not fully replace conventional pharmacotherapy, but they create the possibility of reducing the doses used or reducing the number of drugs used in pharmacotherapy to control glycemia [5,6]. The primary method of reducing blood sugar levels is diet modification, Antioxidants 2022, 11, 380.

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