Abstract
The contribution of domestic lignocellulosic waste and its potential for biodegradation by components, for each category of paper and cardboard, have scarcely been reported. To achieve integral proposals, for managing this type of waste, is essential to know each individual contribution to the “paper and cardboard” category. The objective of this study was to characterize the paper and cardboard waste from the domestic solid waste stream, in the city of Morelia, Mexico, and estimate its methane generation potential (CH4). The generation of lignocellulosic waste was studied in a housing complex of social interest. The domestic lignocellulosic residues (DLW) that were chemically characterized were derived from paper and cardboard. The average daily generation was 0.5 kg/inhabitant. The highest content of lignin was found in newspaper (24.5%), and toilet paper was the material with the lowest lignin content (1%). The bond paper had a DLW of higher YCH4, when degraded anaerobically, in a semi-solid phase and a mesophilic regime. The variety of paper and cardboard, such as DLW, presented differences in their generation (kg/person), chemical composition (lignin content), and their potential for anaerobic biodegradability.
Highlights
The daily generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Mexico is 103 Gg [1]
In Mexico, the categories are described in the Mexican Standard NMX-AA-022-1985 [3], where domestic lignocellulosic wastes (DLW) are grouped into general categories, such as paper, diapers, hard vegetable fiber, gardening, cardboard, and wood
The generation of domestic solid waste stream (DSW) found in this study was lower than the generation reported by other cities in the world, for example, Muscat, Oman, where Baawain et al states that the generation increased from 0.79 kg to 1.30 in 12 years because of rapid population urbanization, and infrastructure growth [50]
Summary
The daily generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Mexico is 103 Gg [1]. The total organic waste is equivalent to 66% of the waste stream, which includes 14% (of the total) of paper and paperboard compounds, according to reports from the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources [1]. In Mexico, the categories are described in the Mexican Standard NMX-AA-022-1985 [3], where domestic lignocellulosic wastes (DLW) are grouped into general categories, such as paper, diapers, hard vegetable fiber, gardening, cardboard, and wood. In Latin America (LA), this categorization is used, for example, in Peru, where the 2014 Guide of the Ministry of the Environment in Peru [4] sorts all DLW into different categories, such as paper, cardboard, as well as, wood, and foliage. Reports mostly allow the distinction of the mixtures of these lignocellulosic residues, but “paper and board” is a category that includes materials diverse in grammage, and in physical and chemical characteristics
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