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Abstract
Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) requires the host rock to have the capacity to permanently store CO2 with minimum post-storage monitoring. Mineral carbonation in geological formations is one of the most promising approaches to CO2 storage as the captured CO2 is converted into stable carbonated minerals (e.g., calcite and magnesite). In this study, we investigated the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of Segamat basalt in the Central Belt of Malaysia and evaluated its potential for mineral carbonation by using laboratory analyses of X–ray fluorescence (XRF), X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and petrographic study. The XRF results showed that Segamat basalt samples contain a number of elements such as Fe (21.81–23.80 wt.%), Ca (15.40–20.83 wt.%), and Mg (3.43–5.36 wt.%) that can react with CO2 to form stable carbonated minerals. The XRD and petrographic results indicated that Segamat basalt contains the reactive mineral groups of pyroxene and olivine, which are suitable for the mineral carbonation process. The results of this study could help to identify the spatial distribution of elements and minerals in the Segamat basalt and to assess its mineral carbonation potential for geological storage in Malaysia.
Highlights
IntroductionThe atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as well as other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has become a central issue for researchers due to its significant effect on global warming [1,2,3,4]
The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as well as other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has become a central issue for researchers due to its significant effect on global warming [1,2,3,4].The objective of a carbon capture storage (CCS) approach is to help decrease the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) that is emitted globally from industrial areas through the capture of the producedCO2
The results of this study indicated that the Segamat basalt samples have the proper geochemical and mineralogical properties for applying the CO2 mineral carbonation process
Summary
The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as well as other greenhouse gases (GHGs), has become a central issue for researchers due to its significant effect on global warming [1,2,3,4]. Mineral carbonation is commonly associated with common elements such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) contained in natural minerals and rocks because their characteristics allow them to react to CO2 and to form carbonated products [15]. Silicate minerals (i.e., olivine and pyroxene) and glasses are rapidly dissolved in the accelerated in situ mineral carbonation of basalts [22,23] This process leads to the release of divalent cations, which tend to react with CO2 in precipitating the carbonated minerals rather than forming other secondary minerals such as clays, oxides, and zeolites [22]. Samples from a Tertiary extrusive igneous body, Segamat basalt were characterized to evaluate its geochemical and mineralogical properties and to estimate its potential as a host rock for CO2 storage through the in situ mineral carbonation process. Peninsula by determining whether Segamat basalt contains the required ingredients, i.e., the presence of Ca, Mg, or Fe-bearing minerals for the CO2 mineral carbonation process to occur or not
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