Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed the main parameters related with the potential fertilization ability of two grapevine varieties, Godello and Mencía, during the years 2017 and 2018. The research was carried out in two vineyards of the Galician winegrowing Designation of Origin areas of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra. Ten vines of each variety were selected for bunch and flower counting, pollen calculations, pollen viability studies by means of aceto-carmine (AC) stain and 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) methods, and the determination of their germination rate. In all vineyards the 50% fruitset was reached, except for Godello in Cenlle during 2017. The mean coulure value was higher for Godello (40.5%) than for Mencía (31%). Analyzing the pollen production per plant and airborne pollen levels, we observed important discordances between them, which can be due to the influence of weather conditions and be related with self-pollination processes. We found important differences on pollen viability depending on the applied method and variety, with higher values for the AC method than the TTC for both varieties in all study plots, and higher values for Mencía variety than Godello. Regarding germination rates, we observed a marked reduction in 2017 with respect to 2018, in all study sites and for both varieties. The analyzed parameters were useful to explain the different productive abilities of Godello and Mencía varieties in the two studied bioclimatic regions of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra.
Highlights
Vine growing is closely associated to climatology, which means that climate change effects have become of great concern, promoting new research lines focused on the adaptability of the different grapevine varieties to the new scenarios [1,2]
The annual average mean temperature was similar in the Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra regions (Table 1), it was slightly higher in the Ribeiro region in 2018 with 15.2 ◦ C compared to 14.2 ◦ C
The studied variables to describe the reproductive performance of the grapevine Godello and Mencía varieties were useful to analyze the pollen effectiveness of each variety, relating these plant reproduction variables with the final grape production
Summary
Vine growing is closely associated to climatology, which means that climate change effects have become of great concern, promoting new research lines focused on the adaptability of the different grapevine varieties to the new scenarios [1,2]. Rainfall patterns will change and wine production will, need to adapt at short-term future [3]. The terroir characteristics, crop management practices (e.g., pruning, tillage, planting system, or irrigation), and the cultivated grapevine variety [5,6,7]. The genetic characteristics of the different grapevine varieties determine their resistance to frost and cryptogamic disease, such as powdery mildew, grey mold, or downy mildew, which can cause serious economic losses [9,10]
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