Abstract
Recent regulatory initiatives regarding ships emissions raised the interest of maritime operators on cleaner fuels. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) with Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) set strict limits on SOx , NOx and CO2 emissions. Many studies have been carried out to increase engine efficiency based on waste heat recovery such as ORC or turbo-compounding. Using LNG as a fuel opens new opportunities in this prospect. In this study, an energy recovery from LNG regasification process, through a dedicated and optimized cycle, is investigated. The system is made of an open supercritical Rankine cycle performed before engine injection and exploiting LNG as a working fluid. Results showed the influence of the maximum temperature and pressure of the cycle on the system performance. A maximum power recovery up to 2.2% of main engine power was found.
Highlights
Nowadays, most of the vessels are fueled with Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) for economic reasons
The process was arranged to operate as a supercritical Rankine cycle using natural gas as working fluid
A VBA model based on CoolProp equation of state for Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) thermo-physical properties was developed to analyze the performance of the system
Summary
Most of the vessels are fueled with Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) for economic reasons. HFOs are cost effective, but they contain high levels of impurities, producing significant amounts of emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The general trend of global and local legislations is leaning towards tighter regulations and higher standards of compliance with tougher emission limitations. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) with Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) set strictly limits on SOx and NOx emissions from the ship engines. In April 2018, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted an initial strategy for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from ships with the intent to reduce them rapidly [1]
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