Potential effects of elevated temperature on seasonal movements in slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), in the eastern Mediterranean

Abstract

Temperature serves a predominant motivator for movement and activity over a wide range of mobile marine ectotherms. Water temperature modulates the movements of many lobster species, which can vary widely over spatial and temporal scales. Providing insight into the thermal preferences (and refuges) that some lobsters seek remains a key tenet to our understanding of the behavioral ecology of these animals. The Mediterranean slipper lobster (Scyllarides latus) shows seasonal movements throughout most of its range and is subject to a changing thermal environment. We examined the seasonal movements of S. latus within a small marine reserve (Rosh Hanikra Marine Reserve, RHR) off the coast of Israel and tested the hypothesis that S. latus engage in increased movements when subjected to temperatures outside their range. We conducted a field survey in the RHR and tagged lobsters (n = 81, carapace length, CLavg= 88.7 ± 4.6) to investigate their activity during their putative summer movement. In the lab, we exposed a separate set of lobsters (n = 10, CLavg= 83.1 ± 6.1) to the same thermal profiles as in the field and assayed their locomotion using activity wheels. Field results revealed that lobsters tagged in shallow waters moved to deeper, cooler waters (~ 30 m) over the course of 2-2.5 months traveling an average distance of 3.4 km (range = 1-5 km). Our lab results showed that S. latus are more active at higher temperatures, but moreover, revealed that warming water temperatures elicited markedly longer movements over a similar timeframe. Combined, these findings suggest that increasing water temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean (Levant) may affect lobster movements and could alter seasonal patterns of distribution as well.