Abstract
Swainsonine (SW) is a toxin produced by locoweeds and harmful to the livestock industry. Degrading SW by Arthrobacter sp. HW08 was demonstrated as a promising way to deal with SW poisoning. However, it is unknown which part of the subcellular enzymes in Arthrobacter sp. HW08 is responsible for biodegrading SW and whether the metabolites are atoxic. In this study, intracellular and extracellular enzymes of Arthrobacter sp. HW08 were isolated and their enzyme activity was evaluated. The metabolites were fed to mice, and physiological and histological properties of the treated mice were investigated. The results showed that only intracellular enzyme of Arthrobacter sp. HW08 (IEHW08) could degrade SW efficiently. Compared with mice in SW treatment group, mice in SW + IEHW08 treatment group (1) increased their body weights; (2) showed higher number of platelets and lower number of white blood cells; (3) decreased the levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen, alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum; (4) reduced the number of vacuolated cells in cerebellum, liver and kidney. All these data demonstrate that IEHW08 was potentially safe for mice, while keeping the capacity of degrading SW. This study indicates a possible application of IEHW08 as an additive in the livestock industry to protect animals from SW poisoning.
Highlights
Swainsonine (SW) is a toxin produced by locoweeds and harmful to livestock industry [1,2]
To investigate which part of subcellular enzymes was responsible for degrading SW, we isolated enzymes of HW08 (EEHW08) and IEHW08, and further detected their ability of degrading SW
The gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that there were no residual SW that could be detectable after incubating SW with IEHW08 or HW08 (Figure 2B)
Summary
Swainsonine (SW) is a toxin produced by locoweeds and harmful to livestock industry [1,2]. HW08 was once isolated and characterized as potential bacteria to degrade SW in our previous study [11,12]. Biological safety is a concern when the bacteria are fed to animals directly. Intracellular and extracellular enzymes of Arthrobacter sp. HW08 were purified and their capacity of degrading SW was compared by in vitro biochemical reaction. The metabolites of SW after degrading were fed to mice by intragastric administration. The results showed that intracellular enzymes of Arthrobacter sp. Were biologically safe for mice while keeping the capacity of degrading SW. This study suggests a possible application of IEHW08 as forage additives in livestock industry to prevent animals from locoweeds poisoning
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
