Abstract
Detoxifying enzymes are present in most epithelial cells of the human gastrointestinal tract where they protect against xenobiotics which may cause cancer. Induction of examples such as glutathione S-transferase (GST) and its thiol conjugate, glutathione (GSH) as well as NAD(P)H: quinoneoxidoreductase (NQO1) facilitate the excretion of carcinogens and thus preventing colon carcinogenesis. Pterostilbene, an analogue of resveratrol, has demonstrated numerous pharmacological activities linked with chemoprevention. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of pterostilbene as a chemopreventive agent using the HT-29 colon cancer cell line to study the modulation of GST and NQO1 activities as well as the GSH level. Initially, our group, established the optimum dose of 24 hours pterostilbene treatment using MTT assays. Then, effects of pterostilbene (0-50 μM) on GST and NQO1 activity and GSH levels were determined using GST, NQO1 and Ellman assays, respectively. MTT assay of pterostilbene (0-100 μM) showed no cytotoxicity toward the HT-29 cell line. Treatment increased GST activity in the cell line significantly (p<0.05) at 12.5 and 25.0 μM. In addition, treatment at 50 μM increased the GSH level significantly (p<0.05). Pterostilbene also enhanced NQO1 activity significantly (p<0.05) at 12.5 μM and 50 μM. Hence, pterostilbene is a potential chemopreventive agent capable of modulation of detoxifiying enzyme levels in HT-29 cells.
Highlights
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Malaysia (National Cancer Registry, 2007)
This study was conducted to investigate the potential of pterostilbene as a chemopreventive agent using the HT-29 colon cancer cell line to study the modulation of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and NQO1 activities as well as the GSH level
There was an increased of the GSH level compare to the negative control for all the treatment concentration with a significant of increment reported at 50 μM of pterostilbene treatment with the value of 75.54±5.92mmol/mg protein
Summary
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Malaysia (National Cancer Registry, 2007). Cancer is often associated with genetic factors, but other risk factors such as diet, lifestyle, exposure to carcinogens and radiation, viral infections and diseases are modifiable (Świątkowska, 2007; Dossus, 2008). There are a lot of studies have shown a correlation between the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can prevent the formation of certain types of cancer. Phytochemicals are chemicals produced by plants through a specific response to protect plants from pathogen or environmental exposure, such as excessive ultra violet (UV) radiation. Phenolic compounds are one of the phytochemicals that act as phytoelexin in plants and these compounds have valuable medicinal value
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