Abstract
We have heat treated asymmetrically (dc) degraded varistor ceramics based on ZnO in argon, air and oxygen atmospheres and we have measured and analyzed the density of the leakage current ( J 1) and the barrier voltage ( U b). The investigation was carried out on sintered and hot-isostatically pressed (HIP-ed) varistors. We propose a mechanism involving a relationship between intergranular phase stability and a potential barrier degradation at the ZnO grain boundary to account for the various features of the voltage-current response. We further propose a recovery process based on oxygen diffusion from outside and/or inside sources.
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