Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to locate and quantify, through geotechnologies, areas that are currently used for annual agriculture in the Cerrado biome of Central Brazil, located within the boundaries defined by the homogeneous region of adaptation of wheat cultivars 4 and that present favorable conditions for rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivation. The following information layers were crossed: use and coverage of the Cerrado biome, digital elevation model, and water requirement satisfaction index for wheat in the Cerrado biome. In addition, different levels of water stress (low, moderate, and high), risk levels (20, 30, and 40%), available soil water capacities (ASWCs) (35, 55, and 75 mm), cultivar cycles (105, 115, and 125 days), and sowing dates (in February and March) were also considered. A greater favorable area was observed for sowing in early February, and group I of cultivars (105 days) presented the greatest favorable area. Above 800 m altitude, 2.7 million hectares were classified as favorable for the best combination of factors, i.e., sowing on February 5, ASWC of 75 mm, 105-day cycle, 20% risk level, and low and moderate impacts.
Highlights
In Brazil, expanding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation to areas beyond the temperate zone in the Southern region, which currently comprises 90% of the cultivated and wheat producing area of the country (Conab, 2017), requires finding production alternatives to both supply the domestic market and generate surpluses for export
The objective of this work was to locate and quantify, through geotechnologies, areas that are currently used for annual agriculture in the Cerrado biome of Central Brazil, located within the boundaries defined by the homogeneous region of adaptation of wheat cultivars 4 and that present favorable conditions for rainfed wheat cultivation
ZARC for rainfed wheat in Brazil was determined with the information layers (ILs) maps of the water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) values generated by water balance simulations using the Sarrazon software (Baron & Clopes, 1996), considering the available soil water capacities (ASWCs) of 35, 55, and 75 mm
Summary
In Brazil, expanding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation to areas beyond the temperate zone in the Southern region, which currently comprises 90% of the cultivated and wheat producing area of the country (Conab, 2017), requires finding production alternatives to both supply the domestic market and generate surpluses for export. There is great potential to expand wheat production in the tropical zone, in the Southern and Midwestern regions, especially in the Cerrado biome, in which the area occupied by wheat crops was only approximately 120 thousand hectares in 2016 (Conab, 2017). It should be highlighted that the problems related to the disease cannot be solved by either chemical or genetic control
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