Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during skin aging, including intrinsic (chronologic aging) and extrinsic aging (photoaging). Therefore, antioxidants that inhibit ROS generation can delay skin aging. In this study, we evaluated the potential anti-skin aging effect of (-)-phenolic compounds isolated from the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. We preferentially investigated the possible preventive effects of isolates against the degradation of skin extracellular matrix. Among the isolates, (-)-catechin suppressed the activity of collagenase MMP-1, and reversed the degradation of collagen induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in normal human dermal fibroblast. This action mechanism of (-)-catechin was validated by the suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced accumulation of ROS and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase B (Akt), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The proinflammatory cytokines upregulate inflammatory reactions, and ultimately promote aging-related reactions. In this milieu, we demonstrated that (-)-catechin decreased the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, (-)-catechin is a candidate to ameliorate both intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging.
Highlights
Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main cause of various diseases in humans [1,2].They are produced by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, and harmful foreign substances stimulate Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production [3]
To investigate the inhibitory effect of (-)-catechin on aging-related inflammatory reaction, we investigated theCytokines effect of (-)-catechin on IL-1β normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) and IL-6 mRNA expression
It is it is necessary to further investigate whether (-)-catechin has a protective effect on extrinsic skin aging with harmful direct UV exposure
Summary
Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main cause of various diseases in humans [1,2]. They are produced by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, and harmful foreign substances stimulate ROS production [3]. The human body produces antioxidants as a defense mechanism to eliminate most of the intracellular ROS. Excess ROS can induce oxidative stress [4], which directly or indirectly causes DNA denaturation and cell membrane destruction, leading to aging, cancer, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and neurodegeneration [5,6]. Intrinsic aging is the natural aging process induced by reduced skin cell activity by ROS generated during metabolism in skin
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