Abstract
Guano is a material originally from sea bird or bat excrement. This material is an important source of P fertilizerduring nineteenth century and the early part of twentieth century. The development of artificial fertilizers and the depletion of guano deposits in Peru caused guano negligibled from world fertilizers trading. Recently, guano appeared in fertilizers trading and sciencetific publications again due to the development of organic farming and increasing the price of energy sources for fertilizer manufacture. Based on its origin, guano is classified into sea bird and bat guanos; and based on its composition guano is grouped into nitrogenous dan phosphatic guanos. Moreover, guano deposits are divided into two types: cave guano and insular guano deposits. The main component of guano is N, P, and Ca elements, and the additional elements are K, Mg, and S. Both nitrogenous and phosphatic guanos are important organic fertilizers because the N content of nitrogenous guano and the P content of phosphatic guano are far higher than those of manure, agricultural waste, or muniCipal waste. In Indonesia guano deposits are widely distributed in Sumatera, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusatenggara, and Irian Jaya. The most deposits are cave guano deposits which contain thousands to hundred thousands tons of guano.Consequently, it is highly potential to develop direct use of guano in our country. Futhermore, results of experiments indicated that phosphatic guano has high possibility to be used directly as P fertilizer.
Highlights
Guano is a material originally from sea bird or bat excrement
This material is an important source of P fertilizer during nineteenth century
the depletion of guano deposits in Peru caused guano negligibled from world fertilizers trading
Summary
Guano adalah bahan yang berasal dari timbunan kotoran burung laut atau kotoran kelelawar (Screiner et 01., 1938: Taylor, 1953; Kotabe, 1997). Deposit pulau lebih penting daripada deposit gua, namun sumbangannya terhadap produksi total batuan fosfat juga masih dianggap kecil, yaitu hanya lO - 15% untuk kawasan Asia Pasifik dan 2 % untuk tingkat dunia Deposit ini relatif mudah ditambang dan memiliki kualitas yang tinggi. Kandungan nitrogen dalam guano nitrogen jauh lebih tinggi menurut Cook (1984» merupakan batuan fosfat berasal dari daripada yang terdapat dalam pupuk kandang, Iimbah guano menurut klasifIkasi guano oleh Kotabe (1997). Berdasarkan standar nasional Indonesia (SNI), pupuk fosfat iklim, senyawa nitrogen dan fosfat dalam kedua bahan alam didefmisikan sebagai bahan baku galian yang tersebut relatif mudah tersedia bagi tanaman dibandingkan sebagian besar mengandung mineral kalsium fosfat berasal dengan pupuk kandang segar, limbah pertanian, serta dari batuan yang diproses menjadi bubuk (powder) yang sampah rumah tangga.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
