Abstract
Incorporating soybeans as intercrop in chili cultivation is intended to increase the added value of land, therefore the selection of soybean varieties and the use of appropriate spacing is needed to obtain optimal soybean yields. The research was conducted at Installation of Research and Study of Agricultural Technology Muneng, Probolinggo at the first dry season 2020. The study used split plot design with 3 replications. The main plot were three planting patterns, namely: (C1) intercropping chili-soybean with spacing of chili 70 cm x 60 cm and soybeans 30 cm x 15 cm,(C2) intercropping chili-soybean with spacing of double row chilies 120 cm x (40 cm x 60 cm) and soybean 25 cm x 15 cm, (M) monoculture soybean with a spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm as a control. The subplots were four varieties of soybeans, namely: (K1) Dering 1, (K2) Dering 2, (K3) Dering 3, and (K4) Argomulyo. Planting one month old chili with soybean seeds was carried out together. Soybeans were harvested at 90 DAS. Observations of soybean include: growth of plants at 51 and 60 DAS, yield and yield components, plant height, number of harvested plants, number of filled pods, weight of 100 seeds, yield of dry seeds. The results showed that the soybean yield of Dering 2 at cropping pattern C1 gave the best yield and did not differ from the yield by monoculture. The higher of soybean yield was supported by plant height and the number of filled pods per plant. Therefore, Dering 2 has a prospect to be intercropped with chili.
Highlights
Incorporating soybeans as intercrop in chili cultivation is intended to increase the added value of land, the selection of soybean varieties and the use of appropriate spacing is needed to obtain optimal soybean yields
Ukuran biji berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah polong isi karena semakin banyak jumlah polong maka semakin banyak distribusi asimilat ke masing-masing polong sesuai dengan kebutuhan nutrisi per tanaman
Asian Journal of Plant Science, 10(5), 278–286
Summary
Keterangan : t =dianalisis menggunakan data transformasi √(x+1). *=nyata pada selang kepercayaan 5%,. Masing-masing perlakuan baik pola tanam dan varietas memberikan pengaruh tersendiri terhadap pertumbuhan kedelai. Tinggi tanaman tertinggi terdapat pada pola tanam C2 diikuti oleh C1 kemudian kedelai monokultur. Sebaliknya untuk jumlah polong, awalnya paling tinggi pada kedelai monokultur diikuti C2 lalu C1, namun kemudian menjadi tidak berbeda pada umur 60 hst. Pada pola tanam C2 dengan jarak tanam kedelai yang lebih rapat yaitu 25 cm x 15 cm membuat tanaman kedelai mengalami etiolasi sehingga menjadi lebih tinggi dibandingkan C1 dan M yang memiliki jarak tanam lebih lebar. Kedelai yang ditanam pada jarak tanam yang rapat memiliki kecenderungan mengalami peningkatan tinggi tanaman karena adanya kompetisi cahaya (Chauhan & Opeña, 2013). Perkembangan polong pada pola monokultur lebih baik dibandingkan tumpangsari. Sebagaimana jumlah polong, jumlah buku subur yang awalnya berbeda juga menjadi sama pada umur 60 hst. Pada umur 60 hst pengisian polong masih berlangsung dan dimungkinkan pertambahan jumlah polong isi pada akhir pertumbuhan
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