Potency of Three Cruciferous Plants Extracts as Agro-Phyto-Remidiator Against Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne spp. in Daucus carota (Carrot) Under Climate Stress Conditions

Abstract

Carrot, Daucas carota is another important crop that is most cultivated throughout India and consumed by human beings and animals. The root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita infestation significantly reduces the yield of carrot at initial inoculums of 230–2300 J2/g soil. One strategy to address these concerns is to develop an effective agro-phyto-remediator to these tiny enemies that have zero toxicity to non-target organisms and can be applied at very low cost. Biochemical studies reveals that in certain cruciferous plants like Brassica rapa, Brassica botrytis and Raphanus sativous having nematicidal principle as α tetraethylene and 5-1-3-butenyl 2,2 bithienyl, polyacetylene compounds like trans 3,11-trideca-1-3,11-triene 5,7,9 trizene etc. targeted the percent mortality of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles increased almost equally from higher 100% upto 6.25% dilution after 24, 48, and 72 h exposure period of Raphanus sativus leaf extract, while Brassica botrytis caused significant percent mortality of Meloidogyne juveniles i.e. 100% was observed within 24 h exposure with leaf extract in its 100 and 50% concentrations whereas leaves extract of turnip was most effective and showed 100% J2 killed followed by 85.67–96.75% mortality with 50–6.25% dilation after 72 h exposure. Histo-pathological and molecular studies show infection of Meloidogyne incognita increased transpiration, photosynthesis or water content and decreased the level of sugars, ascorbic acid and fruit quality. In present study, observed high metabolic activities with intense cytoplasm and nuclei in giant cells produced by nematodes in the carrot.Keywords Meloidogyne Meloidogyne juveniles Daucas carota Agro-phytoremediatorProtein amino lipid