Potato Production and Marketing by Small Holder Farmers in Ethiopia፡ A Review Study

Dawit Milkias

doi:10.7176/jnsr/12-16-02

Abstract

Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) was originated in the central high lands of the Andes in South America and was brought to Europe in the 16th century. It is the world’s fourth most widely cultivated food crop after wheat, rice and maize. Ethiopia has considerable potential for potato cultivation, as 70 percent of its arable land is suitable mainly highland areas above 1500 meters of altitude. Also, the country is one of the major producers in Eastern Africa because of its suitable agro-ecology and its domestic consumption levels. The main objective of the review was to know potato production and marketing status by small holder farmers in Ethiopia. The data were collected from secondary sources mainly from FAOSTAT, CSA and different published materials on production and marketing chain in Ethiopia. The general idea of the review shows that Ethiopia has potential for potato production but lack of certified improved seed for potato producers, local seed multipliers have limited access to information and depend on low-quality local potato varieties selected and multiplied according to individual knowledge, the high cost of agro-chemicals either refuse to purchase fertilizer or apply inadequate amounts per hectare. In addition, the use of the same type of chemicals repeatedly allows pests and diseases to develop resistance. The major constraints of potato marketing involve poor storage and handling and low upgrading strategies to the commodity. Lack of market information providing institutions, higher input price, multiple taxes, and chemical herbicides, adulteration, absence of road service, poor product quality and high cost of input, weak market linkages among market. Therefore, the government and other concerned bodies should focus on increasing production and productivity of potato which in turn focused for establishing well potato market development for mutual benefits of all actors. Keywords: Potato, Production, Marketing, Ethiopia DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-16-02 Publication date: August 31 st 2021

Highlights

Agriculture is the most important sector in Ethiopia; it accounts for 46% of GDP, 80% of export value, and about 73% of employment
LITERATURE REVIEW History and Overview of Potato production and productivity in Ethiopia Potato was introduced to Ethiopia in 1858 by a German immigrant, Wilhelm Schimper, adoption by Ethiopian farmers occurred very gradually for several decades
Crop production survey results of private peasant holding of the year 2015/16 indicated that of the total land areas of about 496, 148.99 hectares covered by root and tuber crops (RTCs), 296, 578 hectare (~60%) and of over 7.21 million tons of RTCs produced over 3.67 million tons (~51%) was potato with an average national yield of 13.9 t ha-1 (CSA, 2017/18)

Summary

Introduction

Agriculture is the most important sector in Ethiopia; it accounts for 46% of GDP, 80% of export value, and about 73% of employment. Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) was originated in the central high lands of the Andes in South America and was brought to Europe in the 16th century It is the world’s fourth most widely cultivated food crop after wheat, rice and maize. The market challenges of that the households face might influence the households/ farmers’ participation decision and the extent of participation, the type of vegetable crops they would like to grow and the size of farmland they would like to allocate to a specific crop. Crop production survey results of private peasant holding of the year 2015/16 indicated that of the total land areas of about 496, 148.99 hectares covered by RTCs, 296, 578 hectare (~60%) and of over 7.21 million tons of RTCs produced over 3.67 million tons (~51%) was potato with an average national yield of 13.9 t ha-1 (CSA, 2017/18). From these Oromia, Amhara, SNNP and Tigray region covers in production and yields of 4,448,886.23(123.88qt/ha), 2,797,902.49qt (153.85qt/ha), 1,816,761.1qt (155.26qt/ha) and 50,387.59qt (80.96qt/ha) respectively

Area harvested

Findings

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION