Abstract
Curtailing the absorption of triglycerides (TGs) is a preferred pathway for treating obesity. Our previous study demonstrated that the water-soluble fraction from potato could inhibit the lipase activity of patatin, one of the major proteins in potato. This aqueous fraction was purified and concentrated by deproteination and reversed-phase chromatography to investigate the effectiveness against obesity. Biochemical analyses indicated that the fraction non-competitively inhibited pancreatic lipase (PLase) with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 10.17 µg/mL, and was named as potato-derived lipase inhibitory fraction (PI). Animal studies on C57BL/6 mice showed that in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), PI treatment resulted in reductions in body weight gain, adipose fat deposition, and liver TGs, and ameliorated the gut microbiome dysbiosis caused by HFD feeding; meanwhile, orlistat, a well-known lipase inhibitor, diverged the gut microbiome profile in mice fed a HFD. High resolution electronspray ionization-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry identified gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and protocatechuic acid, which are known to have lipase inhibitory activities, in PI. However, these compounds could not reconstitute comparable specific inhibitory activity of PI inferring the existence of another inhibitory compound(s) to be identified in PI.
Highlights
According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of obesity tripled from 1975 to 2016, with 1.9 billion adults and an estimated 41 million children less than 6 years old classified as either overweight or obese [1]
Water had the highest retention of lipase inhibitory components, as evidenced by its yield and lipase inhibition values, a substantial amount of the lipase inhibitory activity was extracted in butanol and ethyl acetate
These results suggest that the lipase inhibitory component contains polar functional groups enabling water solubility and hydrophobic moieties allowing solubility in non-polar solvents
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of obesity tripled from 1975 to 2016, with 1.9 billion adults and an estimated 41 million children less than 6 years old classified as either overweight or obese [1]. The assay for lipase inhibition using 4-MUO as a substrate and PLase as a target enzyme showed that most of the lipase inhibitory activity was found in the flow-through and wash fractions with 88 and 70% of recovery yields, respectively (Table 2); subsequent methanol eluents showed little activity (Additional file 1: Fig. S1).
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