Abstract
Possible use of potassium ferrate (VI) (K2FeO4) for the treatment of landfill leachate (pH = 8.9, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 770 mg O2/L, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) 230 mg/L, Total Nitrogen (Total N) 120 mg/L, Total Phosphorus (Total P) 12 mg/L, Total Coli Count (TCC) 6.8 log CFU/mL (Colony-Forming Unit/mL), Most Probable Number (MPN) of fecal enterococci 4.0 log/100 mL, Total Proteolytic Count (TPC) 4.4 log CFU/mL) to remove COD was investigated. Central Composite Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were applied for modelling and optimizing the purification process. Conformity of experimental and predicted data (R2 = 0.8477, Radj2 = 0.7462) were verified using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Application of K2FeO4 using CCD/RSM allowed to decrease COD, TOC, Total N, Total P, TCC, MPN of fecal enterococci and TPC by 76.2%, 82.6%, 68.3%, 91.6%, 99.0%, 95.8% and 99.3%, respectively, by using K2FeO4 0.390 g/L, at pH = 2.3 within 25 min. Application of equivalent amount of iron (as FeSO4 × 7H2O and FeCl3 × 6H2O) under the same conditions allowed to diminish COD, TOC, Total N, Total P, TCC, MPN of fecal enterococci and TPC only by 38.1%, 37.0%, 20.8%, 95.8%, 94.4%, 58.2%, 90.8% and 41.6%, 45.7%, 29.2%, 95.8%, 92.1%, 58.2%, 90.0%, respectively. Thus, K2FeO4 could be applied as an environmentally friendly reagent for landfill leachate treatment.
Highlights
Several aspects of human agricultural and industrial activity are related to adverse changes in the quality of water resources worldwide
Due to the fact that the leachate from municipal landfills comprises a significant amount of organic compounds and shows significant physicochemical parameters variation depending on their age, they create many technical and technological problems during their treatment
The use of potassium ferrate (VI) for the treatment of leachate from a municipal landfill site made it possible to obtain clean leachate characterized by low values of physicochemical (COD, TOC, Total Nitrogen (TN), TP)
Summary
Several aspects of human agricultural and industrial activity are related to adverse changes in the quality of water resources worldwide. Due to the fact that the leachate from municipal landfills comprises a significant amount of organic compounds and shows significant physicochemical parameters variation depending on their age, they create many technical and technological problems during their treatment For this reason, various physicochemical and biological methods are used to treat the leachate. Some chemical compounds present in landfill leachate, such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chlorophenols, chloroaniline, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [40,41] have a negative influence on the activity of activated sludge For this reason, direct application of biological methods for leachate treatment before prior implementation of physicochemical methods is not always possible. Coli Count (TCC), Most Probable Number of fecal enterococci (MPN) and Total Proteolytic Count (TPC) in the treated leachate
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