Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KH2PO4) and Kinetin Enhance The Growth of Dendrobium Sonia Somatic Embryos

Abstract

The Dendrobium Sonia orchid is a hybrid orchid that has a high selling value. Therefore, efforts should be carried out to improve technology to reproduce and regenerate Dendrobium Sonia orchids. The objective of this study was to determine the best concentration of Potassium Dihydrogen Phospate (KH2PO4) and Kinetin for the growth of Dendrobium Sonia somatic embryos. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors consisting of 3 treatments namely medium without KH2PO4, KH2PO4 160 mgL-1, KH2PO4 170 mgL-1, KH2PO4 180 mgL-1, and without Kinetin, Kinetin 0,5 mgL-1, Kinetin 1 mgL-1, Kinetin 1,5 mgL-1. Parameters observed in this study were number of leaves, leaf length, and wet weight of plantlets. The data were analyzed by using The Analysis of Variance and further tested using Tukey Multiple Range Test (Tukey Test) (P=0.05). The results showed that KH2PO4 170 mgL-1 was the best concentration for multiplication of Dendrobium Sonia as shown by the parameters the diameters of number of leaves (4,41 sheet), leaf length (1,16 cm), and wet weight of plantlets (0,10 mg) and Kinetin 1 mgL-1 was the best concentration for multiplication of Dendrobium Sonia as shown by the parameters the diameters of number of leaves (4,05 sheet), leaf length (0,97 cm), and wet weight of plantlets (0,09 mg). By interaction, the addition of various concentrations of KH2PO4 and Kinetin significantly affected the number of leaves with the best treatment adding KH2PO4 160 mgL-1 and Kinetin 1 mgL-1 MS with an average leaf number of 4.99 strands.