Abstract
MOTTLED enamel was first described in the United States by Black and McKay' although it had been described in 1901 by Eager,2 who found it in Italian immigrants. Their findings seemed to point to local water supplies as responsible. It was not, however, until 1931 that it was found to be due to fluorine in the water. The proof 3 consisted of giving water which was known to cause human mottled enamel to rats, and also feeding to other rats small amounts of sodium fluoride. In both cases mottled enamel was produced. Added proof in the way of chemical analysis showed low concentrations of fluorine in waters not associated with enamel and high concentrations in waters which had produced the defect. Churchill 4 added further evidence by analyzing waters from several parts of the United States. High fluorine contents were found in certain endemic regions.
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