Abstract

In building on the scholarship that recognizes the complexity of world order, we emphasize that emerging notions of world order were connected to postwar planning efforts that involved liberal conceptions of reconstruction and the management of vulnerable populations, such as displaced persons. We argue that one way in which world order was constituted was through a biopolitical orientation, one that takes ‘life’ and ‘population’ as key objects of intervention. This orientation, key to the work of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), stimulated diverse practices in the expansion of an array of expertise, in the initiation of health, shelter, and food procedures for targeted populations, and in the development of the biopolitical management of these populations. Our analysis shows that postwar world order was a matter of intervention and of taking seriously how certain experts, populations, and calculated information entered into its fields, activities, and projects of reconstruction. Sobre la base de la erudición que reconoce la complejidad del orden mundial, enfatizamos en que las nociones nacientes del orden mundial estaban conectadas a la planificación de los esfuerzos de la posguerra, que incluían las concepciones liberales de reconstrucción y administración de poblaciones vulnerables, tales como las personas desplazadas. Sostenemos que una de las formas en la que el orden mundial estaba constituido, era a través de una orientación biopolítica, que tomaba la ‘vida’ y la ‘población’ como objetos claves de intervención. Esta orientación, clave en el trabajo de la Administración de ayuda y rehabilitación de las Naciones Unidas (UNRRA, por sus siglas en inglés) estimuló diversas prácticas en la expansión de una variedad de experiencias, en la iniciación de los procedimientos de salud, refugio y alimentación dirigido a las poblaciones en cuestión, y en el desarrollo de la administración biopolítica de esas poblaciones. Nuestro análisis muestra que el orden mundial de la posguerra era una cuestión de intervención o de tomarse seriamente cómo ciertos expertos, poblaciones y una información calculada entraron dentro de sus campos, las actividades y los proyectos de reconstrucción. 在以往承认战后秩序复杂性的学术研究基础上,本文强调世界秩序这一新兴概念与战后规划工作相关。战后规划中涉及了关于重建和管理诸如无家可归者等弱势群体的自由主义理念。本文认为世界秩序构建的一种方式是以生命政治为导向,它将“生命”和“人口”视为干预的关键对象。在多个领域的专业知识发展方面,在目标人群的健康、住房和食品问题的程序启动方面,在这些群体的生命政治发展方面,这种导向推动了实践活动的多元发展,对联合国善后救济总署(UNRRA)的工作至关重要。本文的分析表明,战后世界秩序是干预问题,需要严肃对待某些专家、群体和目的性信息是如何进入战后世界秩序重建的领域、活动和项目这一问题。 우리는 세계 질서의 복잡성을 인정하는 학문을 세우는데 있어서 세계 질서라는 개념들이 자유주의적인 재건 개념과 고향을 떠난 사람들과 같이 취약한 인구의 관리를 포함하는 전후 계획 노력과 연관되어 있다는 점을 강조한다. 우리는 세계 질서가 만들어지는 방식이 개입의 핵심적인 대상으로 생명과 인구라는 생명정치적 지향을 통해서 이루어졌다는 점을 주장한다. 유엔구제재활기구(UNRRA)의 작업에서 핵심적인 이러한 지향은 대상집단을 위해 건강, 피난처 와 식량 가공과 같은 다양한 영역에서 전문가 배치를 확대하면서 또한 이러한 인구들의 생명정치적 관리의 발달에서 다양한 활동을 자극시켰다. 우리의 분석은 전후 세계 질서가 개입의 문제였고 또한 어떻게 전문가, 인구와 계산된 정보가 재건의 분야, 활동과 프로젝트으로 들어 왔는가를 심각하게 고려한 문제였다는 것을 보여준다

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