Posture Fortification of Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla Republik Indonesia) in Realizing Indonesia’s Maritime Security

Yana Hardiyana ,Tsl Toruan ,Dohar Sianturi

doi:10.7176/iags/90-03

Abstract

With the enactment of Republic of Indonesia Law Number 32 of 2014 concerning Marine, the task of patrolling security and safety in Indonesian territorial waters and Indonesian jurisdiction becomes the responsibility of Marine Security Agency (Bakamla). From this information the question arises, how can Bakamla be formed with tasks that are very complex but not supported by adequate postures. Therefore, with a gap in the implementation of this policy, the researcher conducted this research with the aim of analyzing the implementation of policies carried out by Bakamla in relation to the policy of strengthening Bakamla's posture and analyzing the factors that support and hinder the implementation of Bakamla's strengthening policies and formulate what strategies are good for carrying out strengthening of Bakamla's posture. The research data was collected through informants from Marine Security Agency (Bakamla) based on interview and documentation methods. Then the data is analyzed with Edward III's theory which uses 4 variables that can influence Policy Implementation, namely the Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure variables. Each variable is analyzed its actual condition, then the actual condition of each variable is combined to produce a conclusion about the implementation of policies on strengthening Bakamla. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of policies regarding Marine Security Agency (Bakamla) tasks faced with Bakamla's current posture has not been implemented optimally. The factors that cause the policy to be unable to materialize are due to the four analysis tools / variables used in accordance with Edward III's theory, there is one variable that still does not meet the realization of the policy implementation on strengthening Marine Security Agency (Bakamla), which is related to resource factors which include human resources, budget, infrastructure and facilities. It is hoped that all the shortcomings associated with these resources can be met immediately. With a large and strong condition, Marine Security Agency (Bakamla) will support the implementation of Bakamla's duties optimally, so that security in Indonesian seas will be realized. Keywords: Strengthening, Security, Bakamla, Strategy, Posture. DOI: 10.7176/IAGS/90-03 Publication date: February 28 th 2021

Highlights

As regulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, Indonesia as an archipelagic country is a unitary jurisdiction, which is sovereign and has full rights and authority recognized by the international community to regulate, manage and utilize its marine resources for interests of all Indonesian people
The implementation of policies regarding Bakamla's tasks which are faced with the current posture of Bakamla, has not been implemented optimally
Bakamla's current posture has not been able to secure all Indonesian territorial waters and waters of Indonesian jurisdiction. If it is associated with the theory of G Edward III of the infrastructure variable, it shows that there are deficiencies, namely the limited human resources, the limited patrol boat facilities owned by Bakamla, and the limited budget to support the implementation of operations, both sea and air operations

Summary

Introduction

As regulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, Indonesia as an archipelagic country is a unitary jurisdiction, which is sovereign and has full rights and authority recognized by the international community to regulate, manage and utilize its marine resources for interests of all Indonesian people. Indonesia has sovereign rights over natural resources and various interests that are above, below the surface and below the seabed in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) covering an area of 3 million km which surrounds a 200 nautical mile wide sovereign sea. This is in accordance with UNCLOS 1982, that grants the right to islands to draw baselines of their territorial sea boundaries by drawing straight lines and outermost points and declaring the waters within the circle of baselines to be archipelagic waters. In the event that the outer edge of the continental edge does not extend to such a distance as far as 350 nautical miles or up to a distance of 100 nautical miles from the 2,500 meter depth line (isobath); The free sea is part of the sea that is not included in the Exclusive Economic Zone, Territorial Sea, Archipelagic Waters and Inland Waters; The international seabed area is the seabed and the land beneath it that www.iiste.org lies outside the boundaries of national jurisdiction

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion