Posttraumatic stress disorder in women attending human immunodeficiency virus outpatient clinics.

Abstract

This study examined posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women seeking medical care. Specifically, we examined traumatic life events, psychiatric treatment, social support, and demographic characteristics in relation to level of PTSD symptoms. We recruited and obtained informed consent from 47 ethnically diverse HIV-positive women from two HIV outpatient clinics in a county medical system. Forty-one of these women provided complete data on measures assessing demographics, traumatic life events, PTSD symptoms, social support, and psychotherapy/medical history. Analysis of the data demonstrated that a high percentage (42%) of the HIV-positive women were likely to meet criteria for full current PTSD, and an additional 22% for partial PTSD. Of the women likely with full PTSD, 59% were not receiving any psychiatric treatment, and of those likely with partial PTSD, 78% were not receiving any psychiatric treatment. Also, women reported having experienced a mean of 12 traumatic life events. As hypothesized, the level of PTSD was significantly related to the number of life events experienced (rs = 0.52, p < 0.001), and to perceived social support from friends (rs = - 0.34, p < 0.02) and family (rs = - 0.29, p < 0.05). Given the high percentages of women who were found to have experienced traumatic life events and high levels of PTSD symptoms, it seems important to assess and treat PTSD in women with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).