Abstract
The perception of employing people with disabilities in China and the United States The concept of disability has been accompanied by controversies, stereotypes and stigmatization for years. Despite the fact that the number of people with disabilities in China and the United States is still growing, the issue of perceiving the functioning of disabled people in the society and including them to the work environment remains unsolved, notwithstanding the number of legal regulations and financial incentives in China and USA to change the employment of people with disabilities. This study compares the perception of employment of people with disabilities in China and the United States. The comparison was based on a self-conducted study among the Chinese community between February and March 2020 on a group of 121 people using the CAWI method (Computer Assisted Web Interview) and an American study: A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities, by G.N. Siperstein, N. Romano, A. Mohler, and R. Parker, conducted on 803 residents of the USA randomly selected for telephone interviews. The comparison took place, among others, in the assessment of the employment of disabled people by respondents in the context of other social activities in the company, as well as the satisfaction of the respondents with the results of the disabled at work. It was pointed out that in both China and the USA, previous experiences with people with disabilities may affect a more favorable approach towards employing disabled people. However, there are differences in the satisfaction with services provided by people with disabilities, as well as in trust in disabled workers, where Chinese residents have less positive attitude than their American counterparts.
Highlights
POSTRZEGANIE ZATRUDNIENIA OSÓB NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNYCH W CHINACHJedną z najważniejszych kwestii dotyczących roli osób niepełnosprawnych w gospodarce jest sposób postrzegania ich w społeczeństwie
Despite the fact that the number of people with disabilities in China and the United States is still growing, the issue of perceiving the functioning of disabled people in the society and including them to the work environment remains unsolved, notwithstanding the number of legal regulations and financial incentives in China and USA to change the employment of people with disabilities
This study compares the perception of employment of people with disabilities in China and the United States
Summary
Jedną z najważniejszych kwestii dotyczących roli osób niepełnosprawnych w gospodarce jest sposób postrzegania ich w społeczeństwie. W niniejszym opracowaniu porównano, jak postrzega się zatrudnianie osób niepełnosprawnych w Chinach i Stanach Zjednoczonych. Stereotypizacja niepełnosprawności jest zjawiskiem wielce niesprawiedliwym, ale tak powszechnym, że wpływa na jakość życia większości niepełnosprawnych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest porównanie postaw społeczeństwa wobec kwestii zatrudniania osób niepełnosprawnych w Chinach i Stanach Zjednoczonych, z uwzględnieniem panujących w obu krajach zasad zatrudnienia i regulacji prawnych oraz podejmowanych w tej kwestii inicjatyw. Potwierdza to Fred Davies, który wskazuje, że funkcjonowanie osób niepełnosprawnych w życiu społecznym zależy w znacznej mierze od charakteru ich relacji z osobami zdrowymi[12]. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, ADA) uważa się, że dana osoba jest niepełnosprawna, jeśli jest „upośledzona fizycznie lub psychicznie, co ma znaczny i niekorzystny wpływ na jej zdolność do wykonywania codziennych czynności”.
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