Abstract
Plant proteins have become increasingly important for ecological reasons. Rapeseed is a novel source of plant proteins with high biological value, but its metabolic impact in humans is largely unknown. A randomized, controlled intervention study including 20 healthy subjects was conducted in a crossover design. All participants received a test meal without additional protein or with 28 g of rapeseed protein isolate or soy protein isolate (control). Venous blood samples were collected over a 360-min period to analyze metabolites; satiety was assessed using a visual analog scale. Postprandial levels of lipids, urea, and amino acids increased following the intake of both protein isolates. The postprandial insulin response was lower after consumption of the rapeseed protein than after intake of the soy protein (p < 0.05), whereas the postmeal responses of glucose, lipids, interleukin-6, minerals, and urea were comparable between the two protein isolates. Interestingly, the rapeseed protein exerted stronger effects on postprandial satiety than the soy protein (p < 0.05). The postmeal metabolism following rapeseed protein intake is comparable with that of soy protein. The favorable effect of rapeseed protein on postprandial insulin and satiety makes it a valuable plant protein for human nutrition.
Highlights
The substitution of animal proteins with plant proteins has become increasingly important in human nutrition for ecological and health reasons
We investigated the postprandial response of metabolites and cardiovascular risk factors, satiety and postmeal appetite, and postprandial levels of minerals and hormones involved in the regulation of mineral homeostasis
The intervention assumed that each subject received one of the following dietary treatments: standardized test meal without additional protein (TM), standardized test meal with 28 g of rapeseed protein isolate (TM+RPI), or standardized test meal with 28 g of soy protein isolate (TM+SPI)
Summary
The substitution of animal proteins with plant proteins has become increasingly important in human nutrition for ecological and health reasons. Fleddermann et al were the first to demonstrate that the intake of rapeseed protein resulted in a postprandial amino acid profile that was comparable to that of soy protein in healthy male volunteers [10] Both the amino acid composition and the data on postprandial amino acid levels in humans demonstrate that rapeseed protein has the potential to become a valuable dietary compound. The majority of human studies that have explored the health benefits of plant proteins were conducted with soy protein Data from these studies demonstrated beneficial effects of soy protein on glucose metabolism, plasma cholesterol, and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to either animal protein or no additional protein [3,12,13,14,15]. The findings from this study may serve as a basis to comprehensively evaluate the suitability of rapeseed protein for use in human nutrition
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