Postprandial lipemia induces endothelial dysfunction and higher insulin resistance in healthy subjects

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of postprandial lipemia on endothelial function, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in healthy subjects. Patients and methodsA prospective, interventional study in 14 healthy young men aged 18–25 years who were given a high-fat meal. Endothelial function was measured using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery, flow velocity, mean arterial pressure and serum nitrite/nitrate levels (NO2/NO3). Glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were also tested. Insulin resistance was determined by calculating the HOMA-IR index (Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance). ResultsBaseline FMD was 5.9±1.1%. Postprandial lipemia reduced endothelial function by approximately 50% in the first (3.3±0.5%, p=0.03) and second (3.3±0.4%, p=0.04) moment, respectively. This finding was associated to an increased flow rate in the brachial artery and lower NO2/NO3 levels (p<0.05). Higher cholesterol and triglyceride levels were found 1h and 2h postprandial (p<0.05). HOMA-IR was significantly increased 1h and 2h postprandial (p<0.05). ConclusionsPostprandial lipemia causes changes in circulating lipid profile and induces endothelial dysfunction and higher insulin resistance.