Abstract
SummaryUnderstanding how to modulate appetite in humans is key to developing successful weight loss interventions. Here, we show that postprandial glucose dips 2-3h after a meal are a better predictor of postprandial self-reported hunger and subsequent energy intake than peak glucose 0-2h and glucose iAUC 0-2h. We explore the link between postprandial glucose, appetite, and subsequent energy intake in 1070 participants from a UK discovery and US validation cohort, consuming 8,624 standardised meals followed by 71,715 ad libitum meals, using continuous glucose monitors to record postprandial glycemia. For participants eating each of the standardised meals, the average postprandial glucose dip 2-3h relative to baseline level predicts an increase in hunger 2-3h (r=0.16 P=<0.001), shorter time until next meal (r=-0.14 P=<0.001), greater energy intake 3-4h (r=0.19 P=<0.001) and greater energy intake 24h (r=0.27 P<=0.001). Results aredirectionally consistent in the US validation cohort. These data provide a quantitative assessment of the relevance of postprandial glycemia in appetite and energy intake modulation.FundingZoe Global Ltd, Wellcome Trust, NIHR.
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