Postpartum rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Splenic artery aneurysm is the most common visceral artery aneurysm ( Lang et al, 2002 ). There is a strong association with the formation of splenic artery aneurysms in pregnancy and multiparity. They remain largely asymptomatic unless they rupture—a potentially catastrophic event. This article presents an unfortunate case of a fatal ruptured splenic artery aneurysm in the postpartum period, where the initial diagnosis was thought to be a pulmonary embolus. The various anatomical and physiological changes that occur during pregnancy can make the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of a pregnant or postpartum woman difficult. Considering other less prevalent pathologies and relying less on protocol-driven care where no definite diagnosis has been made is vital in ensuring timely management. A ruptured splenic artery aneurysm, although infrequent, is an important differential diagnosis to consider when faced with an acutely unwell pregnant or postpartum patient. Early recognition, prompt diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention are essential to avoid fatal outcome.