Abstract
The study investigates the prevalence of depression among pregnant women and its association with demographic, maternal, and socioeconomic characteristics. Participants were recruited for a year from healthcare facilities from Rural Health Center Kangra, District Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Ayesha Sakeena Medical Complex, Raiwind, Lahore, Creek General Hospital, Korangi, Karachi and Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from September 1, 2022, to August 31, 2023. Among 374 women screened for depression, 39.03% screened positive, with a final sample of 179 pregnant women analyzed. Participants, predominantly aged 21-28, were in the second (81%) or third (19%) trimester. Maternal depression (64%) was linked to factors like inadequate income, lack of empowerment, poor wealth index, family debt, and insufficient funds for food. Socioeconomic challenges, coupled with inadequate social support and extensive household responsibilities, contribute to the complex landscape of maternal depression. Comprehensive interventions addressing economic hardships, mental health support, and social networks are crucial for improving maternal well-being during pregnancy.
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