Postoperative Risk following Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

A study was conducted to assess oxygenation and respiratory changes on the first and second postoperative nights after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Twelve patients were postoperatively evaluated with 8-hour nocturnal polysomnography on four occasions: (1) PREOP--night before UPPP, (2) POPN1--first postoperative night, (3) POPN2--second postoperative night, and (4) 3MOS--3-month follow-up study. Results demonstrate that apnea index (AI) and respiratory disturbance index (RDI) were significantly improved at 3MOS from PREOP levels: AI (p less than 0.01) and RDI (p less than 0.05). There were no statistical differences from PREOP to POPN1 or POPN2 for AI, RDI, lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (LSAT), or number of desaturations (#DESAT). One of twelve patients dropped LSAT greater than 10% from PREOP to POPN1 or POPN2 (82% PREOP to 71% POPN2). Patients were grouped by PREOP LSAT greater than or equal to 80% or less than 80%, and the postoperative change in LSAT was evaluated by comparing PREOP to a value averaging POPN1 and POPN2. Patients with LSAT greater than or equal to 80% decreased by 2.6%; patients with LSAT less than 80% improved by 6.2%. This change in LSAT between groups was statistically different (p = 0.02). These data suggest that in the majority of patients, preoperative indices remain unchanged for at least 2 days after surgery, even for patients who demonstrated improvement at 3 months. However, worsening does occur in some patients. On the basis of the results of this study and clinical experience with the postoperative course, a selective management protocol is outlined.