Postoperative Radiotherapy for Resected Pathological Stage IIIA–N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study of 221 Cases from a Single Institution

Abstract

For patients with resected pathological stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is not well defined. In this single-institutional study, we re-evaluated the effect of PORT on overall survival (OS) as well as tumor control in this subgroup of patients. In 2003-2005, 221 consecutive patients with resected pathological stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC at our institution were retrospectively analyzed in an institutional review board-approved study. The effect of PORT on OS, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. The impact of PORT on locoregional control and distant metastasis was also analyzed. Results. Compared with the control, patients treated with PORT had a significantly longer OS time (χ2, 3.966; p = .046) and DFS interval (χ2, 6.891; p = .009), as well as a trend toward a longer CSS duration (χ2, 3.486; p = .062). Patients treated with PORT also had a significantly higher locoregional recurrence-free survival rate (χ2, 5.048; p = .025) as well as distant metastasis-free survival rate (χ2, 11.248; p = .001). Multivariate analyses showed that PORT was significantly associated with a longer OS duration (p = .000). PORT can significantly improve the survival of patients with resected pathological stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC. A prospective randomized multicenter clinical trial is ongoing.