Abstract
Objective:to analyze the evidence available in the literature about postoperative complications in adult patients undergoing surgical procedures with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2.Method:an integrative literature review conducted in the CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as in the gray literature. The references identified were exported to the EndNote manager and, subsequently, to the Rayyan web application for study selection. The stages of sampling, categorization of studies, evaluation of the studies included, interpretation of the results and knowledge synthesis were performed by two reviewers independently and in a masked manner. The data were analyzed descriptively.Results:of the 247 articles identified, 15 were selected to comprise this review. The prevalent postoperative complications in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were the following: cough, dyspnea and hypoxia, need for invasive mechanical ventilation or not, admission to the intensive care unit and death.Conclusion:the most reported postoperative complications in the studies evaluated were respiratory-related, followed by cardiovascular complications. The importance of preoperative screening for COVID-19 is highlighted, as well as of the monitoring and tracking of confirmed cases in the postoperative period, as these actions exert an impact on reducing the occurrence of complications related to SARS-CoV-2.
Highlights
The Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, province of Hubei, China, in December 2019, and quickly spread around the world
Patients with confirmed infection by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 presented changes in their imaging exams, compatible with pneumonia caused by COVID-19, such as groundglass opacity, nodular consolidations in lobules and pleural effusion . [25,26,30,32,35,36] Changes in laboratory tests evidenced metabolic acidosis[24], coagulation disorders[24,29,30] and acute kidney injury[24]
Considering the diverse evidence synthesized on the postoperative complications that affected adult patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and undergoing surgeries, it is concluded that the main complications are related to the respiratory system, with increased mortality rates, need for hospitalization in intensive care unit and prolonged hospital stay
Summary
The Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, province of Hubei, China, in December 2019, and quickly spread around the world. In March 2020, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is an infectious disease caused by the etiological agent called Coronavirus 2 of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Coronavirus 2 - SARS-CoV-2)(1). The clinical manifestations caused by COVID-19 are usually related to the upper respiratory tract, with the majority of those infected being asymptomatic or with mild symptoms. Some patients can develop lower respiratory tract infections. Infections can progress to pneumonia with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), renal failure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death[2,3,4]
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