Postoperative Complication in Overweight Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Mohammed Abd Elzaher Abd El Motaleb ,Tamer Hikal,Mohammed Abd Al Jawad ,Hani Abd El Mabood Metwaly ,Mohsen Fadala

doi:10.4236/wjcs.2019.96007

Abstract

Background: Obesity has a great impact on overall mortality and morbidity in cardiac surgery. The magnitude of obesity is defined by means of body mass index (BMI). At this study we aim to correlate between grade of BMI and postoperative complications in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals and the National Heart Institute of Egypt. 98 patients with multi-vessel CAD and candidate for CABG were included in the study and divided into two groups Group I: 53 patients with BMI over 30. Group II: 45 patients with a BMI under 30. The primary endpoint was wound infection and mediastinitis. Secondary endpoints included mortality, prolonged ICU and hospital stay, stroke, renal and hepatic impairment. Results: As regard primary ending point, eight patients of Group I had their wounds infected which is significantly higher than the other group (p-value 0.034). The total ward stay in days was significantly higher in Group I (p-value 0.027). Conclusion: BMI more than 30 is associated with increased rates of wound complications either superficial or deep wound infections. Robust measures should be taken to prevent such grave complications.

Highlights

A prospective observational study was conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals and the National Heart Institute of Egypt. 98 patients with multi-vessel CAD and candidate for CABG were included in the study and divided into two groups Group I: 53 patients with body mass index (BMI) over 30
Controversies still exist between authors regarding whether a high BMI is associated with more complications or not in cardiac surgery
Obesity was associated with wound infection and mediastinitis more than non-obese patients

Summary

Introduction

Controversies still exist between authors regarding whether a high BMI is associated with more complications or not in cardiac surgery. Among those who propose a significant increase of mortality and morbidity in obese patients is Engelman and colleagues [3]. Results: As regard primary ending point, eight patients of Group I had their wounds infected which is significantly higher than the other group (p-value 0.034). Conclusion: BMI more than 30 is associated with increased rates of wound complications either superficial or deep wound infections. Robust measures should be taken to prevent such grave complications

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Conclusion