Abstract
Background Postnatal transmission via breastfeeding is a leading cause of infant HIV infection in the developing world. However, only a small minority of breastfed infants born to HIVinfected women become infected. As a genetic bottleneck severely restricts the number of postnatally-transmitted variants, genetic or phenotypic differences in the virus Envelope (Env) may play a role in its ability to breech the mucosal barrier in the infant gastrointestinal tract.
Highlights
Postnatal transmission via breastfeeding is a leading cause of infant HIV infection in the developing world
Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 variants are efficient at dendritic cell trans-infection and sensitive to autologous and heterologous neutralization
There was no difference in epithelial cell attachment, internalization, or gp120 interaction with the putative HIV epithelial cell receptor, galactosylceramide, between milk HIV Env variants from transmitting and nontransmitting mothers
Summary
GG Fouda1*, T Mahlokozera, K Rizzolo, J Salazar-Gonzalez, M Salazar, G Learn, S Barotra, M Sekaran, E Russell, F Jaeger, F Cai, F Gao, B Hahn, R Swanstrom, S Meshnick, V Mwapasa, L Kalilani, S Fiscus, D Montefiori, B Haynes, J Kwiek, M Alam, S Permar
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