Postnatal Outcome of Fetuses With the Prenatal Diagnosis of Gastroschisis

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the postnatal outcome and complications that arise in infants with the prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis. Prenatal sonograms with the diagnosis of gastroschisis were identified. Maternal age, indication for sonography, gestational age at diagnosis, other sonographic abnormalities, and postnatal outcome were recorded. Ninety-eight fetuses at 14.3 to 36 weeks' gestation had the diagnosis of gastroschisis on sonography. In 14 cases (14%), other fetal anomalies were identified, including hydronephrosis, hydrocephalus, coarctation of the aorta, and a limb anomaly. Bowel dilatation developed in 72 of 84 cases (86%) followed prenatally with sonography, and bowel wall thickening developed in 40 of 73 cases (55%). On postnatal follow-up, 57 of 68 infants (84%) had postnatal complications, many with multisystem complications, including 6 deaths, 40 with bowel-related complications, 30 with infectious complications, and 32 with anomalies involving other systems (genitourinary, cardiac, and central nervous system). The postnatal outcome did not correlate with the presence of bowel dilatation or bowel wall thickening on prenatal sonography. Only 11 infants (16.2%) had a completely uncomplicated postsurgical course. Hospital stays in survivors (n = 92) ranged from 8 to 307 days (mean, 53 days). Although reported survival rates are good for gastroschisis, the postoperative hospital stay is often lengthy, and complications are very common, especially those related to the gastrointestinal tract. Associated anomalies were more common in our study than previously reported.