Postmenopausal osteoporosis — an interdisciplinary problem of modern

Abstract

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is an important interdisciplinary problem of modern medicine. The presented lecture highlights modern approaches to the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of this pathology. The leading role in the detection of osteoporotic changes is played by radiation diagnostic methods that determine the level of bone mineral density - the equivalent of bone mass. In order to study metabolic disorders of bone tissue, laboratory methods are used that evaluate the activity of bone synthesis and resorption. When predicting osteoporotic fractures, the FRAX model is widely used, which determines the likelihood of fractures in the next 10 years, based on the presence of risk factors. Given the multifactorial nature of the formation of osteoporotic changes, an integrated approach to the treatment of this disease is necessary. According to the recommendations of the European Society of Endocrinology, bisphosphonates should be considered as first-line therapy. Denosumab, romosozumab, teriparatide can be used as second-line drugs. In addition, given the leading role of hypoestrogenism in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, the use of menopausal hormone therapy preparations occupies an important place in the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic changes. An important aspect that determines the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis is the need for interaction between doctors of various specialties, including gynecologists, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, traumatologists, doctors of radiation and laboratory diagnostics.