Postharvest biological control of brown rot in peaches after cold storage preceded by preharvest chemical control 1

Elizandra Pivotto Pavanello,Thiago Liberalesso Venturini,Auri Brackmann,Elena Blume,Fabio Rodrigo Thewes,Anderson Weber

doi:10.1590/0034-737x201562060005

Elizandra Pivotto Pavanello, Thiago Liberalesso Venturini + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201562060005

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Journal: Revista Ceres	Publication Date: Dec 1, 2015
Citations: 6	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pathogenic fungi cause skin darkening and peach quality depreciation in post harvest. Therefore, alternative techniques to chemical treatment are necessary in order to reduce risks to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of Trichoderma harzianum in association with different fungicides applied before harvest to 'Eldorado' peaches for brown rot control and other quality parameters during storage. The treatments consisted of five preharvest fungicide applications (control, captan, iprodione, iminoctadine and tebuconazole) associated with postharvest application of T. harzianum, after cold storage (with and without application), in three evaluation times (zero, two and four days at 20 °C), resulting in a 5x2x3 factorial design. The application of T. harzianum only brought benefits to the control of brown rot when combined with the fungicide captan, at zero day shelf life. After two days, there was a greater skin darkening in peaches treated with T. harzianum compared with peaches without the treatment, except for peaches treated with the fungicide iprodione and T. harzianum The application of T. harzianum during postharvest showed no benefits for the control of brown rot, however, the association with fungicides reduced the incidence of Rhizopus stolonifer during the shelf life.

Highlights

In the year 2012, Brazil ranked 14th in the global production of peaches, producing 220.000 tonnes, which correspond to 1% of the world’s total production (FAO, 2012)
After four days of shelf life at 20°C, the lowest brown rot incidence was verified on peaches with te fungicide iminoctadine associated with the application of T. harzianum in postharvest
This result corroborates the findings of Moreira & May-De Mio (2009), who verified that the application of iminoctadine controlled 96% of brown rot incidence after 6 days of storage at 5 °C followed by 5 days at 20 °C

Summary

Introduction

In the year 2012, Brazil ranked 14th in the global production of peaches, producing 220.000 tonnes, which correspond to 1% of the world’s total production (FAO, 2012). In Brazil, the state of Rio Grande do Sul is the leading producer of peaches, with 86% of the total cultivated area (Agrianual, 2011). Some problems decrease the fruit quality during the development and postharvest life of peach, especially brown rot incidence. Brown rot is caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola Wint.) Honey and is one of the most important diseases affecting peaches. The most typical symptoms observed in peach flowers are the necrosis of anthers, peduncle and ovary (May-De Mio et al, 2004). Small brown lesions are observed at first, which later change into extended brown lesions. When the infection is severe, an intervention has to be made to control this disease

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