Abstract
In order to develop simple and adaptable measures to reduce the impact of changing climatic conditions and poor postharvest practices on grain quality, data on temperature and postharvest practices were collected and correlated with physical grain quality parameters for 3 rice development hubs (Ndop, Lagdo and Mbam) in Cameroon. Inter-annual variations in temperature and thermal amplitudes were the highest in Ndop followed by Mbam and the least in Lagdo. When the same rice variety was grown in the hubs and milled with a laboratory hand dehusker, the mean chalky score was highest in Ndop (18%) and least in Mbam (11%). In addition, Ndop recorded higher grain fissures and broken fractions compared to Mbam or Lagdo. Positive correlations were observed between thermal amplitudes, grain fissures and the proportion of broken fractions. However, rice milled using commercial mills located in the hubs recorded the highest broken fractions in Mbam (54% - 63%), followed by Lagdo (43% - 52%) and the least in Ndop (35% - 38%). The type of mills in the hubs was responsible for these differences as Mbam had only Engelberg types mills that recorded higher broken fractions than in Ndop where only rubber roll mills were present (P
Highlights
Rice (Oryza. sativa L.) and to some extend (Oryza. glaberrima S.) is fast becoming a global staple and its demand is on the rise especially in sub Saharan African (SSA) countries
Rice samples were collected from an experimental station managed by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) at Nkolbisson where Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) are observed
IR46 is an improved variety from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), The New Rice for Africa (NERICA)-NERICA-3 and -8 are improved rice varieties from Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) suitable for upland ecologies
Summary
Rice (Oryza. sativa L.) and to some extend (Oryza. glaberrima S.) is fast becoming a global staple and its demand is on the rise especially in sub Saharan African (SSA) countries. Rice postharvest operations will have to be tailored in such a way as to reduce losses and add value to the crop This cannot be achieved without taking into considerations the effect of changing climatic conditions on rice production. Adding value to low-grade broken rice by processing into other products like biscuits may be an effective strategy of reducing the adverse effects of high temperatures and poor postharvest operations on the physical quality of the rice grain. It was confirmed that the use of an improved parboiling technique and processing of rice with a high proportion of broken fractions into biscuits or other products generally accepted by the local population can be implemented as adaptation strategies to the effects of high temperatures and poor postharvest operations that result in poor quality milled rice in SSA countries
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