Postglacial dispersal ofPhlebotomus perniciosusinto France

S Perrotey,S.S Mahamdallie,B Pesson,K.J Richardson,P.D Ready,M Gállego

doi:10.1051/parasite/2005124283

S Perrotey, S.S Mahamdallie + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2005124283

Copy DOI

Abstract

Phlebotomus perniciosus was identified morphologically in samples from France and northeast Spain, and individuals were then characterized at three polymorphic isoenzyme loci (by isoelectrofocusing) and at the mitochondrial DNA locus (by comparative DNA sequence analysis of a fragment of the Cytochrome b gene). The four polymorphic loci gave conflicting patterns of population relationships, which can be explained by hypothesizing different amounts of gene introgression at each locus when two distinctive lineages met in southern France or northeast Spain after isolation in southern Italy and Spain during the Pleistocene Ice Ages. P. perniciosus is an important vector of leishmania infantum and so these population differentiation studies are relevant for predicting the emergence and spread of leishmaniasis in relation to environmental changes, including climate.

Highlights

The haematophagous females of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) ariasi Tonnoir, 1921 and Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus Newstead, 1911 are the phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) that have been incriminated as vectors of Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 in Mediterranean France (Rioux & Golvan, 1969; Killick-Kendrick & Rioux, 1981; KillickKendrick, 1990)
Phlebotomus perniciosus is the more widespread of the two vectors in non-Mediterranean France, having been recorded in the suburbs of Paris (Rioux & Golvan, 1969) and incriminated as the probable transmitter of L. infantum among dogs in Touraine, where P. ariasi was rare in the early 1970s (Houin et al, 1975), and in the north of Auvergne, where P. ariasi has not been recorded (Pesson et al, 1985)
Phlebotomus perniciosus requires Mediterranean-like summers for adult activity and warm winters for the survival of diapausing larvae (Rioux & Golvan, 1969; Ready & Croset, 1980), and so it could not have survived in western Europe during all Pleistocene Ice Ages except in southern Spain and Italy, where the two lineages possibly

Summary

Introduction

The haematophagous females of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) ariasi Tonnoir, 1921 and Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus Newstead, 1911 are the phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) that have been incriminated as vectors of Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 in Mediterranean France (Rioux & Golvan, 1969; Killick-Kendrick & Rioux, 1981; KillickKendrick, 1990). Phlebotomus perniciosus is the more widespread of the two vectors in non-Mediterranean France, having been recorded in the suburbs of Paris (Rioux & Golvan, 1969) and incriminated as the probable transmitter of L. infantum among dogs in Touraine, where P. ariasi was rare in the early 1970s (Houin et al, 1975), and in the north of Auvergne, where P. ariasi has not been recorded (Pesson et al, 1985). Phlebotomus perniciosus requires Mediterranean-like summers for adult activity and warm winters for the survival of diapausing larvae (Rioux & Golvan, 1969; Ready & Croset, 1980), and so it could not have survived in western Europe during all Pleistocene Ice Ages except in southern Spain and Italy, where the two lineages possibly

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion