Postglacial Black Sea level rising, urban development and adaption of historic places. The case-study of the city-peninsula of Nesebar (Bulgaria)

Abstract

The strengthening of a coastal zone considers a complex of hydrodynamic factors (waves, currents, wind and materials carried by them), climate, rock stability, sedimentation and eustatic fluctuations at sea level. The sea terrace on which the urban structures of Nessebar are located is formed on almost horizontal Miocene limestone sandstones, marl lime stones and clays. It is limited by the steeply abraded coast, subjected to the destructive energy of the sea surf until the end of the last century. The destruction of ancient and early Byzantine constructions can be identified along the slope of the sea-cliff between the 8th and 13th isohypses and the coastline and along the seabed to at least the 4th isobath. In the process of tracing the fortifications, the ancient coastline is not followed, but rather the proximity to the base of the peninsular slope.