Abstract
BackgroundPostexercise hypotension (PEH) can play a major role in the daily blood pressure management among individuals with hypertension. However, there are limited data on PEH in persons with obesity and hypertension, and no PEH data in this population beyond 90 min postexercise.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine if PEH could be elicited in men with obesity and hypertension during a 4-h postexercise measurement period.MethodsSeven men [age = 28 ± 4 years; body mass index = 34.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2; brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP): 138 ± 4 mmHg; brachial diastolic BP (DBP): 80 ± 5 mmHg; central SBP: 125 ± 4 mmHg; central DBP: 81 ± 8 mmHg] performed two exercise sessions on a cycle ergometer, each on a separate day, for 45 min at ∼65% VO2max. One exercise session was performed at a cadence of 45 RPM and one at 90 RPM. Blood pressure was monitored with a SunTech Oscar2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor for 4 h after both exercise sessions, and during a time-matched control condition.ResultsBoth brachial and central SBP were not changed during the first h postexercise but were reduced by ∼5–11 mmHg between 2 and 4 h postexercise (p < 0.05) after both exercise sessions. Brachial and central DBP were elevated by ∼5 mmHg at 1 h postexercise (p < 0.05) but were ∼2–3 mmHg lower compared to control at 4 h postexercise, and ∼2–4 mmHg lower at 3 h postexercise compared to baseline. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was elevated compared to control at 1 h postexercise after both exercise sessions, but was ∼2–3 mmHg lower compared to control at 2, 3, and 4 h postexercise, and ∼4–7 mmHg lower at 3 h postexercise compared to baseline.ConclusionDespite the small sample size and preliminary nature of our results, we conclude that PEH is delayed in men with obesity and hypertension, but the magnitude and duration of PEH up to 4 h postexercise is similar to that reported in the literature for men without obesity and hypertension. The PEH is most pronounced for brachial and central SBP and MAP. The virtually identical pattern of PEH after both exercise trials indicates that the delayed PEH is a reproducible finding in men with obesity and hypertension.
Highlights
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Whelton et al, 2018), and physical activity can lower blood pressure and reduce the rate of conversion from elevated blood pressure (BP) to hypertension (Faselis et al, 2012; Diaz and Shimbo, 2013; Pescatello et al, 2015)
In the few prior studies published on postexercise hypotension (PEH) in adults with obesity (Figueroa et al, 2007; Zeigler et al, 2018; Bunsawat et al, 2021), postexercise BP measurements did not extend beyond 90 min
Brachial and central systolic BP (SBP) were unchanged during the first h postexercise
Summary
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Whelton et al, 2018), and physical activity can lower blood pressure and reduce the rate of conversion from elevated blood pressure (BP) to hypertension (Faselis et al, 2012; Diaz and Shimbo, 2013; Pescatello et al, 2015). One metaanalyses reported that PEH was inversely related to body mass index [BMI (Body Mass Index); kg/m2], with a regression line that predicted no PEH above a BMI of approximately 31 (Carpio-Rivera et al, 2016) This meta-analysis included only one study that reported postexercise BP responses in persons with obesity. Despite the lack of PEH during the 1-h postexercise measurement period, there was a clear trend for declining BP between the first 30 min postexercise and the last 30 min postexercise This was evident for SBP, diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In the few prior studies published on PEH in adults with obesity (Figueroa et al, 2007; Zeigler et al, 2018; Bunsawat et al, 2021), postexercise BP measurements did not extend beyond 90 min. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if PEH could be elicited in men with obesity and hypertension during a 4-h postexercise measurement period
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