Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of posterior urethral valve (PUV) is estimated at 1:5000–1:8000 males. It is the most common paediatric urologic urgency and the most common cause of male obstructive uropathy and chronic renal failure in children. The study aimed to describe the experience of Yaoundé gynaeco-obstetrics and paediatric hospital in the management of PUV.MethodsRetrospectively, medical records were retrieved over a ten year period and all data recorded and analyzed for study objectives. Patients were called and evaluated for outcomes regarding morbidity and mortality.ResultsA total of 18 patients all males were managed over the ten year period, given prevalence of 13 cases/100,000 admissions and an admission rate of 2 per annum. The median age at presentation was 22 months and 13 (72.2%) participants presented late. Voiding urethrocystogram was done in all the participants where it showed dilated and elongated posterior urethral valves in 16 (88.9%) of the cases. Endoscopic valve ablation resulted in the relief of obstruction in all but 3 (16.7%) participants that had residual valves and 2 (11.2%) participants that had urethral stenosis. Type I valves were most common in 14 (78.0%) participants. The mean duration of follow up was 34.56 ± 21.47 months. Complications at final follow up were: 10 (55.6%) chronic renal failure, 2 (11.2%) end-stage renal failure. The case fatality rate was 5.6%.ConclusionMany patients present late in our setting with already established complications. There is the need to counsel parents/guardians on the importance of long-term follow up after relief of obstruction.
Highlights
The incidence of posterior urethral valve (PUV) is estimated at 1:5000–1:8000 males
This study aimed to describe the epidemiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of PUV in Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH), Cameroon
According to hospital records 25 patients were hospitalized for PUV during the study period, 7 participants were excluded, in five of them the medical files were missing, and in the remaining two the files were incomplete with missing vital information such as endoscopic findings, types of valves and voiding cysto-urethrogram (VCUG) findings (Table 1)
Summary
The incidence of posterior urethral valve (PUV) is estimated at 1:5000–1:8000 males It is the most common paediatric urologic urgency and the most common cause of male obstructive uropathy and chronic renal failure in children. Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is the most common lower urinary tract congenital anomaly in boys with an incidence of 1: 5000–1:8000 males [1,2,3,4,5]. It is the leading cause of bladder outlet obstruction and renal insufficiency in male children [6,7,8]. The anomaly is associated with high mortality and morbidity including urosepsis, overflow urinary incontinence, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), Tambo et al BMC Urology (2018) 18:46 hypertension, chronic anaemia, failure to thrive, poor quality of life and even death [5, 12]
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