Abstract
Objective: Titanium screws and plates are used to fixate the proximal and distal segments providing bone healing while maintaining the mandibular range of motion. Nevertheless, internal fixation in the form of titanium plate can develop complications, which often warrants the need for hardware removal after the consolidation period. The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and etiologies for removal of fixation plates used in semi-rigid internal fixation of bony segments in orthognathic surgery.
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