Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between participation in litigation and the following variables: depression; behavioral, cognitive and physical symptoms; level of unmet needs with relationships with family, significant others, and friends; and level of unmet needs in social and recreational activities. Design: Observational. Setting: Urban research center. Participants: 476 individuals with traumatic brain injury: 287 nonlitigants (never in litigation), 121 pending litigants, and 68 past litigants. Intervention: None. Main Outcome Measures: Living Life after Traumatic Brain Injury, Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Flanagan Scale of Needs. Results: Multiple regression analyses with significance levels adjusted for False Discovery Rate (.039) were conducted on each outcome variable. Variables controlled for included time since injury and pain level. Pending and past litigants reported significantly more cognitive difficulties than nonlitigants (P=.018 and P=.024, respectively). Pending litigants endorsed significantly more behavioral symptoms than past litigants (P=.021) and nonlitigants (P=.008). Nonlitigants endorsed significantly more behavioral symptoms than past litigants (P=.004). Pending and past litigants reported more unmet needs in relation to participation in active recreation than nonlitigants (P=.008 and P=.035, respectively). No significant associations were found between participation in litigation and number of unmet needs in the realms of socialization or relationships. No significant relationship was found between length of time in litigation or time since litigation ended and perceived psychosocial or emotional symptoms. Conclusions: Participation in litigation is significantly associated with greater levels of unmet needs in participation in active recreation and with more cognitive and behavioral symptoms. These experiences are not significantly related to length of time in litigation or time since litigation ended.
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