Poster 110: Bone Regeneration for Dental Implants Using Tissue-Engineered Bone With Self-Assembling Peptide Nanofiber 3-Dimensional (3D) Scaffolds

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate a correlation between osseointegration in dental implants and tissue-engineered bone using self-assembling peptide nanofiber, PuraMatrix (PM), as a 3-dimensional (3D) scaffold. After one month following the extraction of the first molar and all premolars in the mandible region of hybrid dogs, the bone defects were prepared with a trephine bar with a diameter 10 mm. Dog mesenchymal stem cells (dMSCs) were obtained via iliac bone biopsy and cultured for one month before the grafting. At the day of surgery, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was obtained from peripheral blood and mixed with thrombin/calcium chloride and PM. The defects were implanted with graft materials as follow: (i) PM, (ii) dMSCs and PM (dMSCs/PM), (iii) dMSCs, PRP and PM (dMSC/PRP/PM) and (iv) control (defect only). Two months latter, the defects were installed dental implants. Two months later, these were assessed by histological, histomorphometric, and fluorescence analysis (bone density and bone-implant contact (BIC)). The data were compared using paired two-tailed Student’s t-tests between the control, PM, dMSCs/PM and dMSCs/PRP/PM. A P-value of <0.05 indicated statistical significance. According to the histological observations, the dMSCs/PM/PRP group had well-formed mature bone, compared with the control. And the BIC and bone density was 29, 60% (control), 32, 62% (PM), 41, 65% (dMSCs/PM), 57, 70% (dMSCs/ PM/PRP) after 8 weeks, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that a tissue-engineered bone with self-assembling peptide nanofiber 3D scaffolds may be useful as an osteogenic bone substitute for dental implants and regenerated bone with minimal invasiveness and good plasticity.