Abstract

In the post Cold War period, armed conflict continues to proliferate. Inter-state conflict, however, is the exception. Civil conflict — based on ethnic, religious, political and other differences — is common.1 War-torn societies suffer from a variety of domestic weaknesses, including state institutions that are flawed or have been destroyed, human rights abuses and breakdown in the rule of law. After the conflict ends, reconstruction of state and societal sectors needs to occur to prevent the state from slipping back into armed conflict. The concept of post-conflict peace-building developed in the 1990s, often associated with internationally-brokered peace agreements.2

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