Abstract
Background: Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors that present as solitary or multiple lesions. They can present alone or as part of the disease process called neurofibromatosis type 1. The etiology behind solitary neurofibromas is still poorly understood, however, trauma has been proposed to be a possible cause. Methods: We present a rare case of a 23-year-old male, without any known medical history, who fell and injured his left foot 3 years prior to presentation. He was treated conservatively at that time and presented to Bahrain Defence Force hospital complaining of a progressive painless swelling in his left forefoot post trauma. Results: The patient underwent imaging studies, which misdiagnosed the lesion as a possible lymphangioma, haemangioma, or a chronic inflammatory swelling. An excisional biopsy was taken, and the pathology specimen proved the lesion to be a diffuse neurofibroma. Conclusion: Trauma may possibly be a predisposing factor behind the development of solitary diffuse neurofibromas in patients that are not known to have neurofibromatosis. Further studies should be conducted to prove whether or not trauma is a predisposing factor for the development of solitary neurofibromas.
Highlights
BackgroundNeurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors that present as solitary or multiple lesions
Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, formed by a wide variety of cells including Schwann cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, perineural cells, or axonal processes [1]
Other differential diagnoses include lipomatosis and fibromatoses [7]. They may present a traumatic neuroma on histology will present with complex micro fascicles of axons, while the axons of a neurofibroma are usually dispersed [8]
Summary
Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors that present as solitary or multiple lesions. They can present alone or as part of the disease process called neurofibromatosis type 1. The etiology behind solitary neurofibromas is still poorly understood, trauma has been proposed to be a possible cause
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